Cuttlefish retrieve whether they smelt or saw a previously encountered item

They saw a game: a case study.

Do students really learn an equal amount independent of whether they get an item correct or wrong?

The field of educational data mining has been paying attention to Knowledge Tracing (KT) for a long time. Corbett and Anderson assumed the amount of learning that students do does not depend on whether students get items right or wrong. Ohlsson and others argued that the student should learn more from a previous incorrect performance. We decided to investigate a Bayes Network similar to KT but ...

Knowing whether A or B

Can we say that s knows whether A or B when s is only able to rule out A, but remains uncertain about B? We discuss a set of examples put forward by J. Schaffer’s in favour of a contextualist answer to this problem. We present a context-sensitive and dynamic semantics for knowledge attributions, in which those can depend on the alternatives raised by the embedded question, but also on alternati...

Do Not Ask Whether They Have a Cognitive Map, but How They Find Their Way About

The publication of "The hippocampus as a cognitive map" (O'Keefe & Nadel, 1978) has had a remarkable impact, stimulating a huge amount of both behavioural and neurobiological research on spatial learning and memory, involving both laboratory and field studies, and employing a variety of novel techniques. The reviews of this general area of research provided by the previous contributors to this ...

Geriatrics: in our residents' future whether they know it and like it or not.

The American population—and, indeed, the world’s population— is getting older. Worldwide, over the next 40 years, the number of the people over 60 is expected to increase threefold to reach nearly 2 billion. One in every five people on the planet will be 60 years or older, and one in six will be least 65 years old.1 The situation is similar in the United States, where the number of people over ...